Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности - Итоговая аттестация (Часть 2), 2 семестр, Синергия — часть 1

Описание

Вопрос
Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:
Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:
Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:
Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:
Blockchain is primarily used for …
Modern computer science has several unique features that … it from other fields of study.
Researchers use computer software programs to analyze large amounts of data, conduct simulations, and develop … models..
This will ensure that the computer can handle the demands of running games or 3D … software smoothly.
Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:
Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:
Who is credited with the invention of the first electronic computer?
What is the primary function of a capacitor in an electronic circuit?
Electronic devices manipulate electric … or voltage to perform various functions.
Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:
Match the English phrases below with their Russian translations:
PostgreSQL is another open- … relational DBMS with a strong emphasis on standards compliance and extensibility.
A stylus is a pen-like … device used for precise input on touchscreens or graphics tablets.
Equipped with displays and sensors, smart glasses provide … reality (AR) experiences
Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:
What is one of the challenges addressed by HR solutions for software development teams?
Web browsers are software applications that enable users to … and navigate the internet
Match brand names with types of software:
Software packages can be classified based on their purpose and … users.
Which licensing model requires a license for use and is owned by a specific company?
The different licensing models for software packages include proprietary, open-source, and ….
… is important in software systems as it allows them to handle increased workloads and accommodate growing user bases
What is the difference between fault tolerance and stability in the context of data processing?
What are some of the key challenges involved in data storage in the modern world?
What are the advantages and limitations of Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)?
Вопрос
Read a programmer’s monologue and answer the question at the end of it. Use one word:

As a programmer specializing in driver development, my goal is to seamlessly connect a specific hardware piece with software applications using the power of C++. I meticulously optimize code to ensure flawless sound transmission. It’s a delicate dance of data streams and system resources, capturing and transforming sound with precision. Each successful driver unlocks the hardware’s potential, faithfully preserving the beauty of sound. It’s a fusion of technical expertise and artistic finesse, translating raw audio into an immersive experience.

Can you guess the hardware I’m referring to?
Put the lines in the dialogue between a processor supplier and a smartphone manufacturer in a chronological order, separate the numbers with 1 gap.

1. Supplier: We regret any inconvenience caused, but currently, our stock of 6-nm micro-chips has been depleted. However, we do have an alternative option available. We can offer you 2000 microchips sized 12 nanometers (nm) at half the regular price.
2. Supplier: Greetings, you have reached Winder-Chip Supply Company. How may we be of assistance today?
3. Supplier: Of course! Our specialization lies in providing micro-chips for various electronic devices. How many microchips are you looking to order?
4. Producer: Hi there, this is SmartTech, a smartphone production company. I’m calling to inquire about placing an order for some micro-chips.
5. Producer: Thank you for the offer, but we specifically necessitate 6-nm microchips for our smartphones. The 6-nm chips offer us improved performance and power efficiency, aligning with our product’s specifications and requirements. Therefore, we cannot consider the 12-nm chips as a suitable substitute.
6. Producer: We are interested in purchasing 1000 micro-chips sized 6 nanometers (nm). Do you have them available in your inventory?
7. Supplier: You’re welcome! Have a splendid day as well, and we will stay in touch soon. Goodbye.
8. Producer: We acknowledge your efforts, but presently, we cannot compromise on the quality and performance of our smartphones. We will wait until the 6-nm microchips become available. Please notify us promptly once they are back in stock, and we will proceed with our order.
9. Supplier: Certainly, we highly value your business and comprehend your specific requirement for the micro-chips. We will prioritize restocking the 6-nm chips and promptly inform you once they are obtainable. Thank you for considering Microchip Supply Company, and we eagerly anticipate serving you in the future.
10. Supplier: We understand your concerns. Unfortunately, due to the high demand for 6-nm micro-chips, our inventory has been depleted. We are actively working to replenish them, but it might take some time. Is there any flexibility in your requirements, or can we assist you with alternative products or services?
11. Producer: We appreciate your understanding and assistance. We will eagerly await your update regarding the availability of the 6-nm micro-chips. Thank you for your cooperation and have a remarkable day.
Read the following monologue of an employee from a Russian scientific research institute and answer a related question. Use one word.

Our research institute has been dedicated to advancing X-ray lithography, a groundbreaking technology that deviates from traditional laser-based approaches. In the traditional laser-based method, laser beams are projected onto a semiconductor material through predefined structures containing circuit patterns. These structures, however, are expensive and time-consuming to create for each circuit design iteration.

In contrast, our X-ray technology offers a more flexible and efficient alternative. Instead of relying on predefined structures, we directly project X-ray beams onto the semiconductor material, enabling precise modification of circuit patterns. This eliminates the need for costly and time-consuming fabrication steps, facilitating rapid prototyping and customization of integrated circuits.

One notable advantage of X-ray technology is its enhanced resolution capabilities compared to traditional laser methods. The X-ray beams achieve finer feature sizes, allowing for the production of complex circuit designs. This leads to improved performance and functionality of the integrated circuits we develop.

Question: What predefined structures does this technology not require?
Read the following dialogue X substitutes a piece of hardware. Answer the question related to the dialogue using one word only.

Person A: Hey, I’ve been experiencing some issues with my computer lately. The screen keeps shutting down randomly without any warning or error messages. Any idea what could be causing it?
Person B: Hmm, that sounds frustrating. Let’s try to narrow it down. Have you noticed any other unusual behavior or error indicators?
Person A: Not really, everything else seems to be working fine. It’s just the screen that shuts down abruptly.
Person B: Okay, let’s think about the hardware components involved. It could be related to the power supply, graphics card, or even the X. Since you mentioned the screen specifically, I’m inclined to suspect it’s more likely a problem with the X.
Person A: That makes sense. But how could the X be causing the screen to shut down?
Person B: Well, the X handles all the calculations and instructions necessary for the computer to function. If there’s an issue with the X, it may result in overheating or instability, which could trigger a shutdown as a protective measure.
Person A: Ah, I see. That could explain the sudden screen shutdowns. So, what steps should we take next?
Person B: Firstly, we can monitor the temperature of your X using specialized software. If it’s running too hot, it might indicate an issue with the cooling system. We can also update the X drivers and check for any firmware updates. If the problem persists, it might be worth considering professional assistance or contacting the manufacturer.
Person A: Great, thanks for your help. I’ll start by monitoring the X temperature and checking for updates. Hopefully, we can pinpoint and resolve the issue soon.
Person B: You’re welcome! Good luck, and feel free to reach out if you need further assistance. Let’s get your computer back to its optimal state!

Question: What does X stand for?
Read the following CV of a programmer. Use 1-2 words to answer the question at the end of the CV:

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Ivan Ivanov
Email: ivanoff@example.com
Phone: +7 (555) 123-4567
Location: Voronezh, Russia

Summary:
Experienced and dedicated, with a passion for creating immersive and engaging experiences. Proficient in multiple programming languages and platforms, adept at problem-solving and collaborating in a team environment. Strong knowledge of development principles in my special field, including graphics rendering, physics simulations, and mechanics. Committed to delivering high-quality products that captivate and entertain.

Education:
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
Synergy University of Moscow
Graduation: May 20XX

Technical Skills:
– Programming Languages: C++, C#, Python, Java
– Game Engines: Unity, Unreal Engine
– Graphics Programming: OpenGL, DirectX
– Scripting: Lua, JavaScript
– Version Control: Git
– 3D Modeling and Animation: Blender, Maya
– Sound Design: FMOD, Wwise
– Game Development Tools: Visual Studio, IntelliJ IDEA

Professional Experience:

Middle developer | XYZ Studios
St Petersburg, Russia | June 20XX – Present
– Collaborate with a multidisciplinary team to develop and deliver AAA game titles.
– Design and implement gameplay mechanics, character controls, and AI systems using Unity and C#.
– Create and optimize game systems, including physics simulations, rendering pipelines, and asset management.
– Work closely with artists and designers to integrate assets, animations, and audio into the game engine.
– Debug and optimize code to improve performance and ensure smooth gameplay experience.
– Participate in code reviews, provide constructive feedback, and contribute to improving development processes.

Intern | ABC Studio
Los Angeles, CA | Summer 20XX
– Assisted in the development of a mobile project using Unity and C#.
– Implemented certain features, UI elements, and mechanics based on design specifications.
– Conducted testing and debugging to identify and resolve issues, ensuring a polished user experience.
– Collaborated with artists and designers to integrate art assets, animations, and sound effects.

Projects:

1. “Epic Quest” (PC, mobile)
– Led a team of programmers to develop a 3D simulator using Unreal Engine and C++.
– Implemented player controls, character interaction systems, and enemy AI, resulting in fluid and engaging experience.
– Collaborated with artists to create visually stunning environments and character models.

2. “Galactic Wars” (Mobile, iOS, Android)
– Developed a real-time space shooter using Unity and C#.
– Designed and implemented networking systems for seamless multiplayer functionality.
– Optimized game performance for smooth gameplay experience on mobile devices.

Additional Information:

– Strong problem-solving and debugging skills to identify and resolve technical issues efficiently.
– Excellent communication and teamwork abilities, with experience collaborating in cross-functional teams.
– Active member of game development communities and regular participant in game jams and hackathons.
– Continuously learning and exploring new technologies and techniques in my special field.

References:
Available upon request.

Question: What does the given programmer specialize in?
Read the monologue of a computer user below: Once upon a time, my trusty computer fell victim to a sneaky intruder, resulting in a cascade of glitches and chaos. Icons jumped around the screen, the cursor moved erratically, and programs froze, leaving my work in a frustrating limbo. But a powerful program emerged as my savior. It swiftly detected and quarantined the threats, restoring order to my digital world. The icons regained their composure, the cursor obeyed my commands, and the programs resumed their functions, bringing a sense of normalcy and relief. Question: What application saved the speaker’s computer?
Read the monologue and answer the question, use only 1 word.

As a blockchain programmer, I would like to discuss the limitations of data processing techniques in preventing a 51 percent attack on our company’s young blockchain. Data processing that we used for our blockchain involves the distribution of tasks across multiple computers or servers connected by a network.

While data processing can provide benefits in terms of scalability and reliability, it does not prevent a 51 percent attack. In this type of attack, a single entity or group gains control of more than half of the network’s computing power, allowing them to manipulate transactions and potentially compromise the integrity of the blockchain.

Even with this data processing mechanism, the security of a blockchain network relies on the underlying consensus mechanism. If the consensus mechanism does not adequately address the threat of a 51 percent attack, this way of data processing alone may not be sufficient to prevent such an attack.

In conclusion, while this data processing technique has its advantages for managing and processing large volumes of data, additional measures beyond data processing alone are necessary to prevent and mitigate the risks of a 51 percent attack on a young blockchain network.

Question: What data processing technique does the blockchain programmer discuss?
Read the monologue: As a programmer developing an image generation model like DALL-E, PyTorch is my go-to tool. With its powerful deep learning capabilities and intuitive syntax, PyTorch empowers me to design, train, and refine complex neural networks. The extensive PyTorch ecosystem provides pre-built modules and utilities for computer vision tasks, enhancing the model’s ability to generate visually appealing images from text. The active PyTorch community offers valuable resources and support. Integration with hardware accelerators like GPUs ensures efficient training and inference. With PyTorch, I confidently explore the boundaries of AI-generated imagery and push the limits of creativity. What programming language does the programmer use?
Read the dialogue between a senior and a junior programmer:

Senior Programmer (Sarah): Hey, Mark! Can we talk for a moment? I noticed there’s a problem with the algorithm you implemented for determining the closest taxis to our clients. Clients are getting assigned to taxis that are nowhere near their location.
Junior Programmer (Mark): Oh, hey Sarah. I must have messed up. I apologize for that. [Scratching his head.]
Sarah: We need to fix it as soon as possible to provide better service.
In our case, we need to assign clients to the nearest taxis accurately.
Junior Programmer (Mark): That’s exactly what I did: implemented measuring the distance between points and selecting the closest ones. The service then assigns the client to the closest available taxi. There may be some bug… I’ll make sure to dive deeper into it and fix the issues. After all, it is a standard algorithm that all taxi and delivery services use.
Senior Programmer (Sarah): It is what I think?
Junior Programmer (Mark): I am dead sure.

Question: What algorithm do both the senior and junior programmers mean?
Read the following text:

1. WordPress is a versatile platform that powers millions of websites, offering extensive customization options and a wide range of themes and plugins.
2. Joomla is known for its flexibility and ease of use, making it a popular choice for creating websites and online applications.
3. Drupal, with its robust architecture, is favored by developers for building complex and scalable websites, including government and enterprise-level projects.
4. Shopify is a leading e-commerce platform that enables businesses to create and manage their online stores, providing a user-friendly interface and various sales and marketing tools.
5. Magento, a powerful e-commerce solution, is highly regarded for its scalability and flexibility, catering to the needs of small businesses as well as large enterprises.
6. Wix offers a simple drag-and-drop website builder that appeals to beginners, allowing them to create stunning websites without coding knowledge.
7. Squarespace provides elegant and visually appealing templates for creating professional websites, coupled with built-in SEO and analytics features.
8. Blogger, owned by Google, is a popular choice for bloggers, offering a straightforward platform for creating and managing blogs with ease.
9. Weebly offers a user-friendly interface and a range of templates, enabling individuals and small businesses to quickly build attractive websites.
10. Ghost, a minimalist blogging platform, focuses on simplicity and speed, providing a streamlined writing and publishing experience for bloggers.

Hint: These platforms mentioned above are widely used for managing and creating websites and online content.

Question: Can you guess what these versatile platforms like WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal are collectively known as? Write an abbreviation.
Read a programmer’s monologue below: As a programmer working in a team developing an online taxi service, I want to share with you some insights into how we calculate distances between clients and taxis to identify the nearest available taxi. We rely on graph algorithms for this purpose. They allow us to find the shortest paths, taking into account weighted edges. By iteratively updating the distances from the source one to all others, we can determine the most optimal path for our clients and taxis. Question: Between what do they find the shortest paths?